塑膠帶材料的拉伸測試
塑膠帶廣泛用於包裝業,用以捆捲物品、將物品固定在託盤上,以便運輸。塑膠帶通常用聚丙烯或聚酯製成。聚酯比聚丙烯堅固,是鋼帶非常具有吸引力的替代品,因其不會被腐蝕(生銹)和染色,而且比鋼帶更輕、更安全、更容易處理,同時具有較高的拉伸強度。聚酯帶還能耐紫外線劣化,能夠在儲存和運輸過程中長時間暴露在紫外線下。
受到塑膠帶材料生產商的要求,要求為其拉伸測試提供解決方案,我們面臨很多挑戰。夾持解決方案必須能夠提供持續的夾力,因此排除了採用手動(用手夾緊)的方法。
25 mm寬的聚酯帶的預期斷裂力通常大於12 kN。由於此力大於大多數標準的氣動(空氣驅動)側面作動夾具所能承載的力,因此業界通常使用液壓(油壓)夾具。但我們的客戶傾向於使用氣動解決方案,因為液壓側面作動夾具成本較高。
初步測試顯示,標準帶鋸齒夾面無法使用,因為夾面會造成聚酯帶縱向裂開,過早破壞。我們在5900系列機架(也能使用3300系列)上成功進行了測試,採用了客製化的30 kN氣動側面作動夾具和專為塑膠帶設計的夾面。如圖表所示,所得到結果很一致,而且10件試樣中有9件獲得良好的斷裂(請見附圖)。試樣3發生了縱向破壞,但是不影響其實驗結果。請注意,為獲得良好的清晰度,圖表中的曲線經過了偏移。
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